A scientific model is...

• A representation, a prototype of replica of the object/phenomenom that could well explains the physical properties
• It can be represented using animations or static diagrams
• Phenomenon includes physical phenomenom like diffusion, dissolving, boiling, condensation, evaporation, melting, sublimation etc.
• Physical properties includes volume, density, conductivity.

What are some assumations & limitations?

Assumptions

• Assumptions are valid statements to set the parameters for the models to work. Without the assumptions, the principles of the model becomes invalid or irrelevant
• Limitations are features of the model not aligned with the actual properties and not able to illustrate the principles of phenomenon
• Particles are in constant motions and in random directions.
• Particles possess kinetic energy.
• Forces of attraction exist between particles.
• Heavier particles travel slower than lighter particles.
• Particles fo not stick to each other with collision.
• Particles do not stick with the walls of container and bounces back after collision with the walls of the container.
• Particles travel in a straight line.
• Particles are small and discrete.

Limitations

• Forces of attraction between particles are not seen in the model
• Movement of particles in terms of direction and speed may not be accurately captured on static pictire but can be shown clearly on animation
• Distance between particles in model may not be scaled accurately to the actual dstance between particles

During a rock concert:

• Features similar to kinetic particle model

1. During concert, people are closely packed and jumping at fixed positions, just like particles in solid
2. When concert ends, people are moving disorderly sliding past each other but still closly packed, just like in liquid state.

• Assumpations

1. People are large in numbers yet small in size relative to entire concert hall
2. People do not stick to each other upon collision
3. Each person possess kinetic energy
4. Each person moves in a constant and random movement

• Limitations

1. People are of different sizes/ masses unlike particles whidh are of same size and mass of same substance
2. People are not standing in ordered arrangement unlike particles